There is no doubt that today’s modern medications prescribed to control blood pressure, saves lives. There are many choices of medication available and physicians must take the individual needs and condition of each patient into consideration before choosing one or more medications. Along with the benefits, each choice of treatment may also present one or more side effects. Make sure to tell your doctor about any side effects which may occur. Your physician may choose to alter dosage or type of medication. Some side effects may diminish or disappear with time. Diet and life style changes may also be effective.
The chart below lists the 5 major types of medications used to treat high blood pressure and some of the side effects which may occur.
| Ace Inhibitors | Angiotensin- | Beta Blockers | Diuretics | Calcium Channel Blockers | |
| Side Effects | |||||
| Dry cough | X | ||||
| Rash/itching | X | X | |||
| Allergic reaction with swelling | X | ||||
| Excess potassium in body (hyperkalemia) | X | X | |||
| Dizziness | X | ||||
| Decreased kidney function | X | ||||
| Insomnia | X | ||||
| Fatigue | X | X | X | ||
| Depression | X | ||||
| Slow heartbeat | X | ||||
| Symptoms of asthma | X | ||||
| Cold hands and feet | X | ||||
| Leg cramping | X | ||||
| Decreased potassium levels | X | ||||
| Constipation | X | ||||
| Headache | X | ||||
| Rapid heartbeat | X | ||||
| Nausea | X | ||||
| Swelling in hands and feet | X | ||||
Be aware of drug interactions. When drugs are taken with other drugs side effects can and do occur. Drug interactions can occur with prescription and over the counter medication, vitamins, herbal supplements and certain foods. Always check before taking new medications or supplements. Ask your doctor if there are any foods you should avoid while on HBP medications.